Thai Airways International

Thai Airways International

IATA TG ICAO THA Callsign THAI
Founded	1 May 1960 1 April 1988(merger with Thai Airways Company)
Hubs	Suvarnabhumi Airport
Focus cities	Chiang Mai International Airport Phuket International Airport
Frequent-flyer program	Royal Orchid Plus
Member lounge	Royal First Lounge Royal Orchid Spa Royal Silk Lounge Royal Orchid Lounge
Alliance	Star Alliance
Fleet size	92 (+29 orders)
Destinations	71 (59 inter. + 12 domes.)
Company slogan	Smooth as silk
Parent company	Thai Ministry of Finance[1]
Headquarters	Chatuchak District, Bangkok, Thailand
Key people	Ampon Kittiampon (Chairman) Piyasvasti Amranand (President)
Website	www.thaiairways.com

Thai Airways International Public Company Limited (SET: THAI, Thai: การบินไทย) (abbreviated here to "Thai") is the national flag carrier and largest airline of Thailand. Formed in 1988, the airline's headquarters are located in Chatuchak District, Bangkok,^[2][3] and operates out of Suvarnabhumi Airport. Thai is a founding member of the Star Alliance. Thai is a major shareholder which hold 39% shares of Nok Air - a low-cost Bangkok based carrier. In August 2010, Thai announced it is to own 51% of a low cost airline joint venture based in Thailand, with Tiger Airways owning the remaining 49% of the airline.^[4].

From its hub at Suvarnabhumi Airport, Thai flies to 71 destinations in 34 countries, using a fleet of 98 aircraft. The airline operates one of the longest non-stop commercial flights, including the 18 hours non-stop flight from Bangkok to Los Angeles.

Thai Airways International is First Asia Pacific Airline Landing to London Heathrow Airport

Skytrax awarded Thai Airways International 'Worlds Best Cabin Staff and The Best Airline in the World' in 2006, while placing second in the 'Airline of the Year' category in 2007.^[5] Thai's first class lounge at Suvarnabhumi Airport was awarded World's Best First Class Lounge by Skytrax in 2009. Thai Airways International has received an award for the excellence of its inflight hygiene measures by the World Health Organization.^[6]

History

The beginning

The airline started as Thai Airways International, a joint venture between Scandinavian Airlines System or SAS which held a 30% share capital of 2 million Baht, along with a domestic carrier, Thai Airways Company (Thai: เดินอากาศไทย) to create an international wing for Thai Airways. SAS helped Thai in managing, marketing and operating its business.^[7]

The carrier's first flight was on 1 May 1960. Flights were operated to nine overseas Asian destinations from Bangkok. The first intercontinental services started in 1971 to Australia, then to Europe in 1972 and North America in 1980.^[7]

End of cooperative

On 1 April 1977, after 17 years of capital participation by SAS, the Thai government bought out the remaining 15% of SAS-owned shares and Thai became an airline fully owned by the Thai government.^[7]

One national airline policy

On 1 April 1988, Thai Airways Company or TAC, which was the operator of all domestic flights, and the international division, on behalf of the then-Prime Minister Gen. Prem Tinsulanonda, in a goal to have a single national carrier, merged to form the present company, Thai Airways International.^[8]

Thai Airways International's head office - Chatuchak, Bangkok

Modern times

On 25 June 1991, Thai listed its shares on the Stock Exchange of Thailand and offered them to the public. The Thai public offering of shares is the largest ever undertaken in the country.

On 14 May 1997, Thai, along with Lufthansa, Air Canada, Scandinavian Airlines System and United Airlines, founded the world's first and now the largest airlines cooperation called "Star Alliance".

In early 2005, the arrival of the A340-500 and A340-600 coincided with a change to the airline's image, including a new livery and a revised font for the title "THAI".

On 1 May 2005, the airline began a nonstop Bangkok-New York service (TG790/791) with a new A340-500. Citing very high fuel costs, Thai discontinued the JFK service as of July 1, 2008, even though the airline had been able to fill 80% of the seats, leaving LAX as the only Thai Airways destination in the United States and North America.^[9]

Financial trouble

After achieving profitability for the previous 40 years, Thai made a loss for the first time in 2008 at around 21 billion Baht on high fuel costs and Thailand's political situation.^[10] As of Q2 of 2009, after a series of restructuring initiative, the carrier returned to a net profit of 2.5 billion Baht.^[11]

Thai Airways Airbus A340-600, in current livery

Thai Airways has announced that it is trying to sell its fleet of four Airbus A340-500 aircraft which was used to fly between Bangkok and New York, but has not yet done so due to the world economic crisis and the weak market for an aircraft with a relatively high seat-mile-cost. The Airbus A340-500s were used for flights between Bangkok and Oslo for some months during 2009, and currently flies between Bangkok and Athens. All four airliners will stay in the fleet and might be reconfigured and deployed on other profitable routes. As of October 2009 at least one A340 is back serving the LAX route.

In an interview Mr. Wallop, one of Thai's board of directors, stated that it is "unavoidable" for the airline to resume flights to New York because A340-500s are still there. The plan is to make all planes better utilized, add more seats and move from New York JFK to Newark Liberty International Airport, which is a hub of new Star Alliance member, Continental Airlines.^[12].

Destinations

Corporate image

Thai Airways is one of the few airlines with a uniform change policy. International female flight attendants are required to change from their corporate purple suits (for use outside the cabin) into their traditional Thai dress (as seen on the company's marketing campaigns) prior to the general boarding of passengers. They are also required to change back into the former prior to disembarkation. Cabin crew of nationalities other than Thai are not allowed to wear the traditional Thai dress.

Fleet

The average age of THAI's fleet was 12.1 years at 31 May 2010.^{[13] [14][15][16]}

Thai Airways Boeing 747-400 takes off from London Heathrow Airport in a special livery to commemorate the airline's 50th anniversary year of 2010. (Taken 2010)

• The airline is waiting for the delivery of six Airbus A380-841 aircraft, the first of which are due to be delivered in late 2012
• 12x Boeing 747-4D7 will be fitted with PTV/AVOD in their economy class, another 6x aircraft will not be fitted due to the aircraft retirement plan.
• 5x Airbus A330-300 will be fitted with PTV/AVOD in their economy class cabin.^[19]
• Thai Airways’ Boeing 747-400, registration HS-TGP, has been painted with a ‘Thai International’ design as a part of the airlines 50th anniversary in 2010. The ‘Thai International’ livery was used on the Thai fleet in 1960 when the airline was founded as a joint venture between Thailand's domestic carrier, Thai Airways Company (TAC) and Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) with the Scandinavian carrier initially providing a 30% share capital of two million Baht. SAS also provided operations, managerial and marketing expertise, with training assistance aiming at building a fully independent national airline within the shortest possible time. Thai nationals, through training and experience, were gradually able to assume full managerial responsibility and the number of expatriate staff duly reduced until, in 1987, expatriates accounted for less than one percent of staff based in Thailand.
• The airline received the 1000th aircraft from Airbus' A330/A340 production line in 30 July 2009, which is an Airbus A330-343X powered by Rolls-Royce Trent 700,with registration HS-TEP.^[20][21]
• Thai Airways Cargo leases two Boeing 777-200F to launch heavy cargo service.It offered service between Bangkok- Hong Kong-Amsterdam,Bangkok-Dubai-Frankfurt,Bangkok-Hong Kong-Frankfurt,Frankfurt-Bangkok,Bangkok-Delhi-Amsterdam,Amsterdam-Bangkok(as at May 2010).^[22]
• Thai Airways has Boeing Customer Code as D7. For example, a Boeing 747-400 aircraft that the airline has ordered directly from Boeing Commercial Airplanes will have a designation as Boeing 747-4D7

Fleet development plan

THAI’s fleet development plan for the period 2010-2024 is in three phases:

• 2010-2014: phase out of 25 aging aircraft, take delivery of nine Government-approved aircraft, and acquire 29 aircraft.

• 2015-2019, phase out of 32 aging aircraft and acquire new aircraft to replace those that have been phased-out, for future network growth at no less than 38 aircraft.

• 2020-2024 phase out of 20 aging aircraft and acquire new aircraft to replace those that have been phased-out, for future network growth at no less than 28 aircraft.

Aircraft acquisition plan for 2010–2014

The airline will phase-out some of its aging aircraft which are six Boeing 747-400, ten Airbus A300-600, four Airbus A340-500, three Boeing 737-400, and two ATR-72.^[23]

The nine Government-approved aircraft deliveries will be three Airbus A330-300 aircraft and six Airbus A380-800 aircraft.

THAI will acquire 15 new aircraft A330-300 seven aircraft equipped with 300-seats on regional routes and B777-300ER eight aircraft equipped with 350-seats on intercontinental flights. These aircraft will serve intercontinental routes Copenhagen, Stockholm, Los Angeles, and Oslo. On regional routes, aircraft will serve Perth, Dubai, Shanghai, Taipei, Mumbai (Bombay), Kolkata (Calcutta), and Bengaluru (Bangalore).^[24]

Thai Airways' Board of Directors has approved the purchasing of eight B 787s which scheduled to be delivered in 2012. The model of 787 is not confirmed yet.

On May 26, 2008, Thai Airways announced, via the Bangkok Post, that it had "secured an informal agreement" with Airbus for two A350-1000 to be delivered in 2016.

Hygiene award

The Most Hygienic In-cabin Environment programme was initiated for the safety and hygiene of Thai Airways International passengers and employees. The programme includes removal of all inflight disposable materials after flight, sterilization and fumigation of all cabin equipment and inspection of the air-circulation system. The programme also includes passenger food safety. The Special Audit Process is also carried out for the cleaning and sanitization of the overall system of its aircraft by specialists. These measures are applied to the entire Thai Airways International fleet.^[25]

Thai Airways International is the first airline to install hospital grade air-filter True HEPA capable of intercepting up to 99.999% of dust particles and micro organisms on every flight.^[25]

The World Health Organization awarded Thai Airways International a plaque for the implementation of the in-cabin management system in 2004. It was the first award of its kind to be presented to private organization.^[26][27]

Ground services

Thai Airways First class lounge entrance

Thai Airways's passengers are provided separate waiting lounges in some domestic and international destinations which were Royal Slik lounges or Royal Orchid lounges.In Suvarnabhumi Airport,Thai Airways provides the awarded Royal First lounges.Also,they offers a Royal Orchid Spa which provides message.The service available for Royal First and Royal Silk passenger only(visitor are not allowed to use this service).

Cabin services

Thai offers four cabin classes included Royal First, Royal Silk, Premium Economy and Economy.

Royal First Class

Thai First Class cabin on the Boeing 747-400

The new Royal First Class was introduced with the arrival of the Airbus A340-600. It offers eight single flat-beds seats. Thai's retrofitted 12 Boeing 747-400s are also equipped with this B/E Aerospace seat which mostly serves Europe and some intra-Asian flights. The new seats are equipped with lumbar massage and 10.4" touch screens with AVOD and IFE system. Passenger on Royal First class can pick from 22 meals, which can be pre-order before flight. It will also be introduced on Thai Airways' new B777-300ERs.

On some long-haul routes such as Bangkok– Copenhagen, Bangkok–Stockholm, aircraft B747-400 Version B747 with previous generation Old First Class seats are used; therefore the seats are sold under Business Class fare.

On Domestic routes Bangkok – Chiang Mai, Bangkok – Phuket,aircraft B747-400 All Version with previous generation First Class seats are used; therefore the seats are sold under Business Class fare.

At Present Royal First Class Available on flights between Bangkok and Madrid, Frankfurt, Rome, Zürich, London, Tokyo(TG640/1 only) on the Boeing 747-400's version B744.

New First Class are available on flights to Paris and Tokyo (TG676/7 only) on the leased Boeing 777-300ER aircrafts.

On Domestic Routes Bangkok – Chiang Mai are used on the Boeing 747-400 version B744. Bangkok – Phuket are used on the Boeing 747-400 version as B744 but in the morning on Monday and Friday are used as version B747.

On Route Bangkok - Shanghai, Sydney, Sydney - Brisbane, Dubai, Hong Kong are (sometimes) on Airbus A340-600.

On Route between Bangkok-Shanghai and Bangkok - Hong Kong First Class fare are sold on Boeing 747-400 but old First Class seats are used as version B747.

On Route Bangkok-Shanghai Available on Tuesday only with Aircraft B747-400's Version B747 and on Route Bangkok– Chiang Mai are available on Tuesday and Friday with Boeing 747-400's version B744

Royal Silk Class (Business)

The new Royal Silk Class was introduced with the arrival of Thai's Airbus A340-500 aircraft. The first series of shell, angled lie-flat business class seats were installed on 12 Boeing 747-400 aircraft, all Boeing 777-200 aircraft, and all Airbus A340 aircraft. A newer set of seats was then installed on all Boeing 777-300 aircraft, all Boeing 777-200ER aircraft, and select Airbus A330 aircraft (registrations HS-TEN and later). The pitch is 60"-62" between seats and the width is 20"-21.5". When fully reclined (electrically adjusted) the seat becomes completely flat, but angled. The seat can perform lumbar massage. All seats are equipped with a 10.4" or 15" (newer version) touch screen with AVOD and IFE.

On some long-haul routes such as Bangkok – Copenhagen, Bangkok – Stockholm, the B747-400 Version B747 with the previous generation Old Business Class seats are used; therefore the seats are sold under Premium Economy Class fare.

On Route between Bangkok-Shanghai (Tuesday Only) and Bangkok - Hong Kong are sold as Business Class on Boeing 747-400 but with the old Business Class seats on version B747.

On Bangkok-Shanghai flights are available on the New Business Class on the Airbus A340-600 Only. On Domestic Route Bangkok - Chiang Mai(Tuesday and Friday) and Bangkok - Phuket are used on all version in Boeing 747-400 and Airbus A340-600 with the New Business Class on the Airbus A340-600 and Boeing B747-400 version 744 but also on the 747 Old Business Class seats as well.

On Route Bangkok-Fukuoka and Bangkok-Nagoya are deployed on the New Airbus A330-300 Business Class aircrafts.

Premium Economy Class

Thai Airways Economy Class meal

The new Premium Economy Class is only available on intercontinental flights between Bangkok and Los Angeles Bangkok and Oslo on a Airbus A340-500 aircraft. The fare for Premium Economy Class is slightly higher than those of Economy. Premium Economy seating is configured as 2-3-2 rather than the standard 2-4-2 in Economy. Seat pitch is increased to 42", 135 degree angle of recline and the seat features a leg-rest. Premium Economy class passengers also have more choices over their meal selection. All seats of Premium Economy class are equipped with AVOD and IFE with a 9" touch screen.

On some long-haul routes such as Bangkok– Copenhagen and Bangkok– Stockholm Aircraft B747-400 version B747 (Old Version)with previous generation Old Business Class seats are used but not Royal Slik Class; therefore the seats are sold under Premium Economy Class fare.

Economy class

The seat pitch offers passengers up to 36" pitch in some aircraft as well as 34" on all other aircraft. Seat rows are configured in a 3-3-3 configuration in Boeing 777-200, 777-300 and 777-200ER aircraft, 2-4-2 in Airbus A340-500, A340-600, A330-300 and Airbus A300-600R aircraft, 3-4-3 in Boeing 747-400 aircraft. All Economy seats in Airbus A340-500, Airbus A340-600, Airbus A330-300 (HS-TEN, HS-TEO and HS-TEP), Boeing 777-200ER, 777-300 and the leased Boeing 777-300ERs have individual Audio-Video On Demand (AVOD) 9" touch screens. Thai's newer A330-300 aircraft scheduled for delivery through 2010 also include AVOD in the Economy cabins.

Royal Orchid Plus

Royal First class lounge and check-in at Suvarnabhumi Airport.

Thai Airways International's Royal Orchid Plus is the airline's frequent flyer program. It has a membership of over two million people.^[28]

Earning miles There are two types of mile which can be earned towards a Royal Orchid Plus account.

Firstly, Eligible Qualifying Miles (EQM) this type of mile is earned on:

• Thai Airways flights
• TG codeshare flights on routes departing from/to Bangkok (Malaysian Airlines, Emirates Airlines, El Al Israel Airlines and China Eastern Airlines)
• Star Alliance member's flights
• Jet Airways flights

Qualifying Miles (Q Miles) are the miles flown and additional class of service miles on Thai and Star Alliance airlines. Royal Orchid Plus miles are earned based on the paid class of travel.

Thai Airways Boeing 747-400 in 1974-2005 livery, taking off

Secondly, Partner Miles are earned from non-airline partners, such as hotels.

Status Tiers There are three tiers in the Royal Orchid Plus program

• Member– entry-level status
• Silver– requires 10,000 Q Miles in one calendar year or 15,000 Q Miles from the date of enrolment up to 31 December of the next complete calendar year
• Gold– requires 50,000 Q Miles in one calendar year, 80,000 Q Miles from the date of enrolment up to 31 December of the next complete calendar year, or 40 international flown sectors on Thai within any 1 calendar year.

Codeshare agreements

Check-in desks in Suvarnabhumi Airport Bangkok

Thai Airways International codeshare with the following airlines:

* indicate as Star Alliance Member. ^ indicate as Skyteam member. $ indicate as Oneworld member.

Incidents and accidents

• 30 June 1967 Thai Airways International Flight 601 crashed in the sea on approach to Kai Tak Airport in a typhoon. Killing 24 out of 80 passengers and crew on the flights.
• 27 April 1980 Thai Airways Flight 231, an Boeing 727-200 Adv crashed after entering a severe thunderstorm on approach to Khon Kaen Airport. Forty four of the fifty three people on board were killed.^[29]
• 31 July 1992 – Flight 311, an Airbus A310-300 hit the side of a hill 23 miles north of Kathmandu while descending towards Tribhuvan International Airport from Bangkok. All 113 on board (99 passengers and 14 crew) died. The accident was caused by technical faults (with flaps and a possible second unknown fault), pilot error and lack of equipment at TIA at the time (no radar).^[30]
• 11 December 1998 – Flight 261, an A310-200, bound for Surat Thani from Bangkok, during its third landing attempt in heavy rain, crashed into a rice paddy about two miles from Surat Thani airport; 102 of 143 aboard were killed.^[31]
• 3 March 2001 – Thai Airways International Flight 114, a Boeing 737-400, bound for Chiang Mai from Bangkok, was destroyed by explosion of the center wing tank resulting from ignition of the flammable fuel/air mixture in the tank while the aircraft was parked, pre-boarding, on the ground. The source of the ignition energy for the explosion could not be determined with certainty, but the most likely source was an explosion originating at the center wing tank pump as a result of running the pump in the presence of metal shavings and a fuel/air mixture.^[32]
• 15 July 2006 - The winglet of a Thai Airways International Boeing 747-400 HS-TGY operating flight TG943 from Madrid Barajas Airport in Spain to Rome Fiumicino Airport cut off the tail of an Air France ERJ-145 while taxing to the runway for take-off. No injuries were reported.
• 8 January 2010 - Thai Airways International Boeing 737-400 had a window crack on the flight deck while operating TG030 from Bangkok Suvarnabhumi Airport to Ubon Ratchathani Airport after take-off from Suvarnabhumi Airport. The plane made an emergency landing at Ubon Ratchathani Airport. No injuries were reported.
• 3 February 2010 - One of the engines of a Thai Airways International Boeing 747-400 HS-TGB operating TG116 from Bangkok Suvarnabhumi Airport to Chiang Mai International Airport caught fire ten minutes after take-off from Suvarnabhumi Airport. The plane made an emergency landing. No injuries were reported.

See also

• Nok Air
• Thai Tiger Airways

References

External links

• Official website
• Ministry of Transport of Thailand official website
• http://www.thailandandbeyond.com/

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